COMPARING VOLUME AND BLEND RENEWABLE ENERGY MANDATES UNDER A CARBON BUDGET

Who Will Pay for Increasing Biofuel Mandates? Incidence of Renewable Fuel Standards Given a Binding Blend Wall

We show that the cost of increasing biofuel mandates given a binding ethanol blend wall will fall disproportionately on diesel fuel consumers. The extent of the burden on diesel fuel consumers is explained neither by their relatively more inelastic demand nor by blenders seeking to capitalize on the biodiesel tax credit. Relaxing the blend wall constraint by increasing the potential demand for ...

Economic Growth and Renewable Energy in Iran

Energy plays an active role in sustainable development in Iran, both in the sustainable and the development aspects. This study aims to estimate the nexus of economic growth and the renewable energy in Iran during 1981-2012. We employ the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to estimate a log-linear equation. The results suggest that renewable energy consumption is an insignificant driv...

Renewable energy portfolio standards (RPS) and achieving the optimal mix of renewable energy

Global development in terms of increased attention to environmental protection and the finite nature of fossil resources have accelerated the use of renewable energies. Renewable energy portfolio standard (RPS), is a government policy to promote the use of renewable energy in the energy consumption basket.  The RPS stipulates the minimum amount of renewable energy that each electricity supplier...

Optimal Sizing of Energy Storage System in A Renewable-Based Microgrid Under Flexible Demand Side Management Considering Reliability and Uncertainties

Utilization of energy storage system (ESS) in microgrids has turned to be necessary in recent years and now with the improvement of storage technologies, system operators are looking for an exact modeling and calculation for optimal sizing of ESS. In the proposed paper, optimal size of ESS is determined in a microgrid considering demand response program (DRP) and reliability criterion. Both lar...

Energy Sources: Non Renewable and Renewable